Study on the issues of organizational structure

Study on the issues of hierarchical structure Issue on hierarchical structure, specifically clinic structure has endured a lot of change in the course of recent decades. The structure speaks to the way of life and target, yet in addition shows and assesses the connection between's people who work inside a medical clinic, in order to encourage the profitability and employment effectiveness (Madden, Courtney, Montgomery, Nash 2006, p.283). Laschinger, Finegan, and Sharmian (2001, p.60) demonstrate that a sensible authoritative structure has critical effect on advancing work productivity in emergency clinic, in this way better human services administrations can be given to patients. Additionally, it is considerred that the plan of authoritative structure can be to a great extent influenced by various elements, for example, associations vision, crucial, procedure (Madden et al. 2006, p.272). Subsequently, a very much organized medicinal services association will encourage self-advancement, to improve fulfillment on the two patients and representative. 1.2 Thesis Statement A basic investigation of the authoritative structure and the relationship to the strategic vision with respect to Concord Repatriation General Hospital in Sydney, Australia. 1.3 Scope This paper will be isolated into three areas, which contain foundation data of the human services office, at that point fundamentally examine the hierarchical structure in relations to its crucial, to wrap things up, a sound sensible end and proposal will be evoked by examination. Foundation Information of the Health Care Facility This paper will concentrate on the basic examination of Concord Repatriation General Hospital, which is additionally essentially known as Concord Hospital in Sydney, Australia. Accord Hospital speaks to not just one of the most predominant clinics with the arrangement of a scope of claim to fame inpatient and outpatient administrations in Sydney, yet in addition an instructive office for offering preparing and position open doors for clinical understudies. Additionally, the clinic has developed a far reaching framework, which got profoundly increase by Australian Council on Healthcare Standards for giving convenient and magnificent patients care, specifically, Burns Unit assumes a significant job over the states (Concord Repatriation General Hospital (CRGH), 2009). As indicated by Concord Hospital (2008), the joined statement of purpose and vision express that rehearsing clinical greatness, driving in instructing, adding to wellbeing research, reacting to the extraordinary needs of Veterans, and changing with the requirements of the network. Also, this can be accomplished all through dealing with singular patient needs; offering quality types of assistance; advancing solid ways of life; just as esteeming medicinal services groups (CRGH, 2008). Subsequently, from its authoritative perspective, the essential or head objective of Concord Hospital is more shoppers concentrated, so as to give better social insurance administrations. For instance, a five-year program wrapped up by the medical clinic in 2006 in with respect to capital works gives help with the development of care and administrations for patients in a few zones, for example, Aged Care and Rehabilitation, co-finding a few claims to fame outpatient and inpatient administrations, in order to carry advantages to the two patients and non-patients (CRGH, 2008). Figure 1 represents the definite hierarchical structure of Concord Hospital. It tends to be seen that there are five branches under General Manager, which involve Director of Medicine, Director of Nursing, Director of Corporate and Clinical Support Services, Director Performance and Informatics, just as Demand Management Unit. The Academic and Research lies close by with the connection of broken line (CRGH, 2008). Figure 1: The detail hierarchical structure of Concord Hospital (CRGH, 2008) Basic ANALYSIS 3. 1 Critical investigate the emergency clinic hierarchical structure according to its crucial As per Figure 1, the hierarchical structure of Concord Hospital can be treated as line or practical structure, as it groups the same teaches together (Robbins, Bergman, Stagg, Coulter 2006, p.336). It is indicated that the two its strategic, and medical clinic teams up its structure with crucial bound to reflect positive representative activity (Bart, DeGroote, Bontis, Taggar 2001, p.19). Moreover, this hierarchical structure not just immensely shows the way of life and focus of the emergency clinic, for example, develop Anzac Research Institution, yet in addition offer an away from of power, which calls attention to the pecking order exists in various divisions, to most extreme advantages medicinal services administrations to patients and representative (Madden et al. 2006, p.283). 3.2 The focal points and confinements of the structure for social insurance conveyance Accord Hospital is increasingly founded on an idea of utilitarian structure. Hierarchy of leadership, as an idea of hierarchical structure expresses the authority is created and positioned from upper degree of the emergency clinic to its lower position (Robbins et al. 2006, p.327). As per figure 1, the diagram sends the pecking order from the progressed to bring down level situation, for instance, Director of Nursing to Assistance in Nursing. Fundamentally, this sort of hierarchical structure shows the capacity of streamlining use, it very well may be considerred that this authoritative structure not just limits the repeat of worker and capital, yet in addition builds the proficiency being used of assets, in order to convey better nature of care to patients in a specific treatment unit. By contraries, it can't be denied that experts or staff can be disengaged under this structure with exceptionally constrained data in regards to different offices work. Once more, the insufficiency in return of considerations between representatives may actuate the drawback of value in social insurance benefits that gave to patients (University of Western Sydney (UWS)2010, p. 19). 3.3 The key lines of power and duty regarding accomplishing hierarchical objectives The key lines of power and obligation in Concord Hospital to be separated into a few subordinates. As indicated by figure 1 (CRGH, 2008), each degree of specialists from upper to bring down level has been point by point outlined under various claims to fame. It is accepted that the authority is commonly gotten from administrative level, and afterward assignments are given to worker to finish (Robbins et al. 2006, p.327). At the end of the day, for the individuals who are in more significant level have transcendent rights than lower level worker. This authoritative structure likewise simply clarifies the order of work, and the duty of each level(Madden et al. 2006, p.283). For example, nursing administrator has total position and involves full obligation in overseeing nursing related stuff. It tends to be believed that approved individual needs to use assets productively and successfully, in this way aids accomplish hierarchical objectives through conceded lines of power and duty (Cha ndler 2003, p.48). 3.4 The utility of the structure according to the accomplishment of the associations crucial objectives The utility of the structure of an association ought to energize in the accomplishment of hierarchical crucial vision. It separates associations worker into explicit areas, so as to create agreeable modification between one another (Mintzberg, Quinn, Ghoshal 1995, p. 352). It is clearly that Concord Hospital builds up a full scope of divisions for giving better nature of care to patients. For instance, the Center for Education and Research on Aging (CERA) joins the medical clinic itself with its instructing college center around the arrangement of compelling consideration, and better their expectations for everyday comforts among maturing understanding gathering (The University of Sydney, 2010). This as needs be demonstrates the exhaustive nature of care to be given to a particular gathering of patients so as to empower the emergency clinic missions which are offering quality types of assistance to patients, driving in instructing, adding to wellbeing examination to be cultivated (CR GH, 2008). 3.5 Aspects of the structure which encourage or block execution and expected arrangements Hierarchical structure can be viewed as a powerful instrument for advancing collaboration between different divisions inside an association. Likewise the conveyance of duty between claims to fame in the clinic expects to speed the mix of human services administrations among understanding (Stoelwinder, Blandford, Perkins 2006, p.319-320). The customary structure is utilized by Concord Hospital which orders same gatherings of callings into one claim to fame, it very well may be seen that this kind of structure basically focus on proficient preparing and advancement, at that point better nature of care can be given to understanding. By the by, it is obvious that the structure influences the arrangement of productive human services administrations, as wellbeing callings are assembled into various offices, which prompts the absence of coordination and correspondence between offices, along these lines bargain on medicinal services to be given to persistent. While, some blended structures c an be considered under this condition, for example, a conventional utilitarian structure blends in with item structure, in order to benefits human services callings, yet in addition focuses on substantially more patient consideration (Stoelwinder et al. 2006, p. 322). 4. End This paper focuses on the basic investigation of hierarchical structure and relationship to strategic vision for Concord Hospital. The emergency clinic is one of the most prevalent medical clinics with the arrangement of a scope of claim to fame inpatient and outpatient administrations in Sydney. Accord Hospital has a consolidated statement of purpose and vision, and this can be accomplished all through dealing with singular patient needs; offering quality types of assistance; advancing sound ways of life; just as esteeming social insurance groups. The hierarchical structure of Concord Hospital by utilizing line structure shows that its strategic, and medical clinic works together its str

Unnecessary Law essays

Superfluous Law papers The ignominy of 9/11 was an appalling assault that crushed the residents of The United States. In September of 2001, Islamic fear monger bunch al-Qaeda assaulted The World Trade Center in New York, and the Pentagon in Virginia. The reason for the assault was because of the United States backing of Israel, the nearness of U.S troops in Saudi Arabia, and authorizations against Iraq. The World Trade Center was a one-quit strip mall on global exchange and business. It was likewise evidence of New York's confidence in itself. The structure was built during the vulnerability of New York's future; the towers helped the certainty of lower Manhattan from its past monetary hardships. The Pentagon is the base camp of the United States Department of Defense. After the horrible assault, the proposition for the Real ID Act, otherwise called National ID card, was introduced. Notwithstanding the various distinguishing proof cards, the legislature will dole out to the residents National ID card. It will be a mix of one's driver's permit, government managed savings card and visa. The motivation behind the National ID card is to handily check the personality and give solid confirmation of one's citizenship. The National ID card will limit significant delay at security focuses in government structures however will likewise cause wholesale fraud once its lost. Picture awakening one day discovering that your National ID card, which has all your data, for example, standardized savings number, financial balance number and wellbeing data, is absent. How might you respond? Wouldn't you be terrified? The assault of 9/11 enlivened the legislature to make a National ID card to protect the country from future psychological oppressor assaults. National ID card, which was made with positive expectation would eventually, cause more damage than anything else. For instance, in the event that you neglect to convey the National ID card, you're well on the way to be looked, confined or maybe even be captured for being associated with conveying atomic bomb, to simply bei... <!

CEO Compensation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Chief Compensation - Essay Example y, the works that are relied upon for the CEO to perform, and the monetary status of the organization, on the off chance that it is increasing much for a specific period that will qualify whether the CEO merited the measure of pay. As confirmed by Solomon (2007), review says that the CEOs in the US are truly overpaid in light of the fact that there is â€Å"an nonappearance of target approaches to gauge an official performance†. Also, much is normal from an American organization so these organizations live up with the desires. Intense rivalries set in, and to remain on â€Å"top†, organizations must recruit the â€Å"best† CEO to run their organization. What's more, the â€Å"best way† to have the â€Å"best† CEO to come and remain in the organization is to bait them with unnecessary pay rates and advantages even before they will deliver results as what most CEOs in the US appreciate now. Japanese CEOs for the most part got a lot of lower levels of remuneration contrasted with their partners in the US. As detailed by Wiseman and Del Jones (2009) in the USA Today, CEOs of enormous organizations just earned a normal of $809, 000 out of 2003, with a distinction of $11.4 million contrasted and the CEOs of the US. This reality alone, notwithstanding, isn't adequate to suggest that U.S. Presidents are overpaid. It is on the grounds that enormous organizations in Japan are commonly littler contrasted with huge organizations in the US. Generally, it is out of line to think about the pay got by CEOs of little organizations to enormous organizations. Then again, the acts of US organizations in urging CEOs to go along with them are not being drilled in Japan. As Wiseman and Del Jones (2009) noted â€Å"Japanese firms seldom poach ability from rival firms, outbidding each other for the board superstars†. As a rule, CEOs of organizations in Japan were beforehand typical rep resentatives of the organization they are working with who buckled down for the organization for quite a while until they arrived at the top position. CEOs of US organizations are especially profited when there is an expansion if the company’s esteem inside a specific period.

Gen Xs voting apathy Essay Example For Students

Gen Xs casting a ballot lack of concern Essay When strolling to any class on the University of Oregon grounds I can nearly guarantee that you will be approached to sign some appeal, bolster some gathering, or register to cast a ballot in your present district. Actually, the University of Oregon grounds makes political association look perfectly healthy among Generation Xers. Does the U of O reflect what a large portion of Generation X feel about American governmental issues, or if you somehow managed to go to an alternate college would you see another side of Generation Xs political inclusion? On the off chance that political activism is alive in all of Gen Xers, at that point how can it be that during the 1992 decisions, leave survey information uncovered that lone 25 percent of individuals between the ages of 18-24 casted a ballot, the least democratic pace of all ages gathering. Shockingly, most understudies could mind less. This I dont care demeanor is established in the I have my conclusion, you have your supposition, and that is all rule that is so normal among understudies. At the point when truth is comparative with your own preferences, theres no motivation to attempt to locate the correct arrangement that is unbiasedly best for us all. The principal thing that flies into my psyche when I consider Generation X is the ubiquitous negative depictions of Gen X as shallow, dumb, apathetic, and irreverent introduced all through the well known media (as archived by Howe and Strauss 1993; Holtz 1995; Rushkoff 1994). How do these portrayals of our age with a PR issue (Howe a Strauss 1993: 9) sway our individual encounters and how do our encounters/associations with these thoughts regarding Gen X help structure social/political standards, jobs, and structures? As somebody conceived in 1979, I cannot help however consider, when finding out about Generation X, regardless of whether these depictions, assessments and insights about my age take after my encounters and those of my friends. In arranging myself as far as these investigations I can't just acknowledge or reject this name. Regardless of whether I totally separation myself from, for example, the bum ethic, the articulate realism, or political lack of concern related with Gen X, my communications with othersand subsequently my identityare formed by the suppositions others may make about me as a result of my status as an individual from this associate. Reality remains that our ages political unresponsiveness harms every one of us. At the point when a whole age bunch neglects to practice its political force by not casting a ballot, government officials will observe and overlook gives that influence us. In 1997 not a solitary one of the eleven expresses that called their residents to the surveys figured out how to get a dominant part vote. The best turnout happened directly here in Oregon, when the warmed battle banter had occurred on the topic of whether to revoke the states option to kick the bucket law. The most exceedingly terrible turn out a year ago was an amazingly low five-percent, for a unique political decision in Texas (The Atlantic Monthly; December 1997). Turnout is currently extraordinarily identified with involvement with life. Turnout rates have consistently been most minimal among youngsters; maybe this is the reason there was moderately little resistance in the mid 1970s to bringing down the democratic age to eighteen. In any case, not by any means the most cynical experts could have anticipated the record-low interest paces of Generation X, as appeared in the accompanying registration discoveries on the age turnout (The Atlantic Monthly; November 1998): Subsequent to seeing this diagram, its nothing unexpected to me that in the 1994 congressional political decision turnout was 37 percent. As the measurements are generally introduced, this rate midpoints from 10 to 40 focuses lower than in the majority rule countries of Western Europe, Scandinavia, and the British Commonwealth (Ranney1998; 64) The low turnout among youthful voters today is confusing given that they are a standout amongst other instructed ages in American history. Indeed, even the individuals who have made it to school are communicating surprisingly little worry for governmental issues (Ray, Axtell, and Mickelson 1993). The class of 2001 as of late set another precedent for political lack of concern among school rookies: just 27 percent said that staying aware of legislative issues was a significant need for them, instead of 58 percent of the class of 1970, with whom a portion of our folks went to school. Obviously, the class of 2001 has not seen government infringe on their .

Critically assess the proposition that Muslims have become the main Essay

Fundamentally survey the recommendation that Muslims have become the principle focal point of authentic endeavors to prohibit Others from the s - Essay Example 5 Muslim people group of the twentieth/21st hundreds of years dependent on three typologies†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 6 Multiculturalism†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 6 Differential prohibition/visitor specialist system†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 7 Assimilation†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 8 Terrorism as ordinarily connected with Muslim people†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 8 Social exclusion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 10 Conclusion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 13 Introduction Islam is the religion for in excess of 2 billion individuals on the earth. Just in Western Europe there are around 10 million Muslims, who are viewed as the biggest strict minority in the district and the third biggest religion in general developing a lot quicker than customarily predominant Catholic and Protestant religions. Subsequently, Islam turned into a huge strict and social power in the Western European nations, including France, Germany, United Kingdom, and others. In Great Britain, for instance, Muslims are the second biggest confidence bunch after Christians. The greater part of them were conceived in the United Kingdom having such ethnic foundations as Turkish, Arab, Indian, Asian, Kurdish, and Pakistani. Muslims coming to live in France are for the most part from francophone nations, for example, Tunisia, Egypt, Algeria and Morocco (Castles and Miller, 2003). At long last, Germany has numerous Muslims with Turkish and Kurdish beginning. Since the quantity of Muslims living in Western Europe and the United States proceed to develop and an ever increasing number of individuals become changed over into Islam religion, against Muslim slants and developments began developing across Europe when Muslims have become the fundamental focal point of authentic endeavors to prohibit them as â€Å"others† from the conditions of Europe. The fundamental purpose behind such activities is the dread of a ‘Muslim invasion’ when European national personalities can be undermined by the continuous procedures of European mix and migration from the creating nations (Ferrera, 2005). While in the past movement rules were less limite d for specific nations, they became harder as of late because of the expanded number of outsiders living on the joblessness remuneration from the administration, which raises concerns and grievances from the residents who try sincerely and make good on charges. Regardless of whether workers get a new line of work, the businesses pay substantially less pay rates and wages for them than for national residents. Along these lines, it shifts inclinations for work toward settlers. In such a manner, socially rejected â€Å"national† residents rival socially prohibited ethnic minorities or settler ‘others’ for restricted national assets of government assistance (Castles and Miller, 2003). Such present circumstance in the Western European nations can be related with a â€Å"social regression† or a â€Å"social crisis† notwithstanding a developing political and social emergency dependent on the built up national personalities. In such a manner, as of late the re is a solid inclination to prohibit Muslim worker â€Å"others† out of the European nations to make it â€Å"nationally pure† once more. Syncretism, which signifies consolidating, is the endeavor in actuality

Autobiography Of Benjamin Franklin - Free Essay Example

Part 1 In this part of his autobiography, Benjamin Franklin describes his early life and how he began to grow and become more successful in America. He dedicates the book to his son, so that his son can learn from mistakes that he made in the past. He says that he would not redo or change his life besides some minor things and moments. He shows throughout this part that he embodies the promise of America. He tells through his life story how dedication, hard work, and creativity can lead to being successful in America. He started off poor and was close with his family. His parents were good role models for him. As he got older, he apprenticed as a printer under his brother for a while and lived with him. During this time, he further developed his already prominent love for reading, writing, and poetry. He taught himself how to improve his writing and other skills by reading books. After growing unhappy with his apprenticeship and relationship with his older brother, he decided to leave Boston, where he grew up, and go to New York. Once in New York, he met with a printer to try to find work. The printer could not offer Benjamin any work, but told Benjamin to go to Philadelphia and find work with his son. So he went to Philadelphia, but the trip was very difficult. Once he got there, he found housing, slept for a long time, and then found the son. The son could also not give Benjamin any work, but suggested that he worked for another local printer named Keimer. Here he worked for a long time. Keimer had Benjamin stay with the Read family, where he met his future wife. He also became familiar with the governor of Pennsylvania at the time. This governor wrote a letter to Benjaminrs dad telling him how great Benjamin is, and how he thinks that he should start his own printing business. He even offered to help out. Benjamin returned to Boston to visit his family and show his dad the letter, but his dad didnt approve due to Benjamin being so young. The governor of Pennsylvania still wanted Benjamin to pursue his own printing business, so he offered to pay for it himself in the future. Throughout this time, he began a courtship with his future wife, Miss Read, but her mother suggested that they called it off due to him leaving for England soon. He did, and left for London shortly after. Here he learned that the governor was not a trustworthy man and never really kept his promises, so Benjamin lost faith in him. He also stayed for longer than he anticipated, because he realized that he could tremendously improve his printing skills if he worked in London for a while. So he stayed for a year and a half more, and in that time he did improve a lot. Upon arriving back to Philadelphia, he trained other printers that worked for Keimer to improve their skills. He then quit working for Keimer because he did not feel he was fit to do the job and tried to find work elsewhere. When he couldnt, he returned to Keimer. Him and a worker, Meredith decided that they wished to own their own printing business that would be better than Keimerrs. After more training and getting some money, they do. They begin to make a profit and even made a newspaper that helped them earn more money. Eventually, Meredith decided that being a printer wasnt what he was made for, and left the business to Ben Franklin. This business is how he began to make more and more money. He was dedicated to his work and worked through long hours of the night to achieve his goals. He rose from being poor through hard work. Part 2 In the second part of Benjamin Franklinrs autobiography, he discusses many things. However, a big theme in this part is the theme of religion and virtues. He discusses these throughout most of the part, and even thinks that his virtues are more important than the organized religion that everyone else seems to follow. He was not a big fan of public worship, and he only attended one ceremony before he decided that it wasnt what he believed. He thought that their goal was to just make them Presbyterians instead of trying to teach them to be good citizens. Because of this, Benjamin Franklin created his own form of prayer for his own use at home. He also created a list of virtues that he thought were most important and desirable to him, and he worked hard to correct his behavior according to them. This list of virtues consisted of thirteen different things that Benjamin Franklin thought were the most important. The thirteen virtues were: temperance, silence, order, resolution, frugality, industry, sincerity, justice, moderation, cleanliness, tranquility, chastity, and humility. He was wise enough to know that he could not attempt to fix all of them at once and be successful, so he worked on fixing his life according to one virtue at a time. He would focus on eliminating one fault from his life for a week, then the next week he would focus on eliminating a different one and the same one as the week before. Benjamin Franklin even kept track of these things in a journal using lines and dots. Of these virtues, Benjamin Franklin said that the hardest one to work on was humility. He always had pride in what hers accomplished, so it was already hard enough to fix it. He also said that even if you work hard and become humble, thatrs just another thing to be proud of. One of our essential questions is, how is it possible to live without committing any faults? I think that Benjamin Franklin sharing that he struggled to be humble is just proof that itrs impossible to live without having any faults. He worked really hard to overcome his pride, and although he did fix it a little bit, he could never fully overcome it and be completely humble. This makes me further believe that we as humans cannot live a fault-free life, no matter how hard we try. He dedicated a large part of his life to correcting his behaviors and trying to live a life without faults, but he never fully succeeded. Through this part of the book, Benjamin Franklin tells us how he worked hard to amend his behavior and live by the thirteen virtues. Nearing the end of the part, he discusses how he never really got to the point that he wished to be at with his virtues. However, he does tell that his life had improved significantly ever since he started working on correcting his behavior. Benjamin Franklin says that after he started applying his virtues to his life, he felt better and a lot happier than he was before. He says that conversations with others ended up going more smoothly than before, because he was less arrogant and full of himself. He also said that he was overall nicer to others after he spent time working on his virtues. Benjamin Franklin ends the part by talking about how every human struggles with their pride, and how he believes you cant get rid of it. This further ties in the idea that it is impossible to live without faults in your life, and everybody has them. Part 3 Throughout the third part of his autobiography, Benjamin Franklin discusses many different topics. He talks about how important religion is, and he also talks about politics and the military. During this part, he talks in depth about how much he admired a minister, Samuel Hemphill, and a preacher, George Whitefield. Samuel Hemphillrs sermons focused a lot on virtue, so Benjamin Franklin liked him a lot. George Whitefield had amazing preaching skills, which allowed him to have a lot of power over the citizens of Philadelphia. Benjamin Franklin also talks about reforms he worked hard to change the city of Philadelphia. He discusses all of the things he added to the city and colony that helped things run smoother, such as a military and fire department. Samuel Hemphill is an Irish minister that has sermons that deeply focus on virtue. Because of this, Benjamin Franklin appreciates and respects his sermons much more. However, not everyone liked Hemphill that much. They didnt like him a lot due to the fact that he borrows a little bit of others works when he makes his sermons, and they think thatrs cheating. To get more people on his side, Franklin writes pamphlets supporting Hemphill, but they still dont like him very much. They kicked him out, so Benjamin stopped going to church. He then talks about how he later met a preacher named George Whitefield. He was very well liked and very powerful among the Philadelphia citizens. They even build him a church to preach in with others. Benjamin Franklin says that Whitefield is an honest, virtuous man. He also publishes George Whitefieldrs journals and sermons. Benjamin respects this man a lot, and says that hers a very good speaker with a loud voice. Later in the part, Benjamin Franklin discusses politics and military for a long time. Franklin used money earned from the subscriptions to his pamphlet, Plain Truth. Benjamin and Thomas Lawrence go to New York to borrow cannons for their military. After some convincing, they go home with eighteen. As part of the Pennsylvania Governor council, he had certain ideas that Quakers didnt agree with. Benjamin Franklin thinks that they want to support the military and self-defense, but they dont want to oppose their beliefs. The French and Indian War starts, and Benjamin helps General Edward Braddock collect supplies and weapons using his writing. During this part, Benjamin Franklin also tells how he created a public hospital, a fire department, and a college in Philadelphia. While Franklin was in charge of the army, he led them to build forts. It took them a week to build their fort at Gradenhut. He keeps the soldiers busy, because he believes that people are happier if theyre doing something. Their fort isnt the best, but they have enough weapons to defend themselves. Eventually, Franklin becomes a colonel, and he gets honorary escorts. This offends a person who owns the colony, so that person complains to Sir Everard Fawkener. However, Fawkener sides with Franklin and doesnt do anything about it. The governor wants Franklin to become a general to replace Braddock, and he wants him to recover Fort Duquense. Franklin turns down the offer, and Braddock is replaced by someone else. Benjamin then spends most of the rest of the part talking about science, philosophy, and various experiments he conducted later in his life. Part 4 In the final part of his autobiography, Benjamin Franklin tells us about a problem between the governor and the English assembly. He visits London with his son to see Dr. Fothergill to address the issue. Fothergill then tells them that they should take matters up with the people that own the colonies. He then visits someone, who takes him to meet a man named John Hanbury. They meet the president of the Kingrs privy council, Lord Granville. Franklin believes that American people should be able to make their own laws, and the king should just have to approve it. Lord Granville believes that the Kingrs instructions are laws, and that Americans have to follow them. Benjamin Franklin writes down what they had said to each other to use for future reference. He then realizes that a long time ago, they had also tried to make the Kingrs instructions a law, but it got thrown out. There is then a meeting between the owners of the colonies and Benjamin Franklin. They all try to be nice at first and explain their sides calmly, but when they cant agree, things get more heated. The colony owners give a complaint Benjamin wrote on behalf of the colonies to their lawyer, Ferdinando John Paris, who pretty much hates Benjamin. Everyone tries to get Ferdinando and Benjamin to talk to each other and deal with the issue, but Benjamin wont budge. Paris tells the colony owners to send the complaint to someone else, but that person never got back fo Franklin. They just called him rude and refused to address the complaint. This leads Franklin to believe that he wasnt proper enough when writing his complaint, which isnt normal for him. All the worry is for nothing, though, because Franklin gets his way in the end. The assembly passed an act that taxes the colony owners estates as well as the peoplers estates. This makes the colony owners very unhappy, so they try to get the King to make sure it doesnt happen. When they went to court, they try to say that the act will ruin their relationship with the people. However, Franklin and the Assembly say that it wont hurt anyone, and if the money gets repealed many people would become bankrupt. Then a man named Lord Mansfield takes Benjamin and Ferdinando to sign an agreement. This helps the law pass. The colony owners are still unhappy, though, and get the governor fired. All in all, The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin shows all of the different ways that Benjamin Franklin impacted America. He worked in politics and the military, cared deeply about politics and religion, and worked hard to become a successful person. He worked on respected people of all religions. He also contributed to science and various things in Philadelphia. He helped plan the first university, public library, public hospital, and more. He used hard work and dedication to fulfill the American promise and rise to success. His views on virtue helped him correct his behavior. He had a better life and become a better person because of it. This autobiography has many reoccurring themes, such as religion, principles, education, and dedication. He wanted women to be able to have access to education. Overall, this book has shown us how much work went into our history, especially by Benjamin Franklin. Without him, many things in our country would be different. He is a prime example of what the American promise that hardwork and dedication lead to success. He also shows that everyone makes mistakes and thatrs okay.

The Goals of the Divine - Literature Essay Samples

In both Virgils The Aeneid and books Genesis and Exodus of the Old Testament, dreams, visions, signs, wonders and divinations serve as powerful testaments to the universal knowledge and might of the pagan Roman gods and the Jewish god. Revealing their wisdom and desires through these holy wonders, the gods of both Rome and the Israelites facilitate the progress of the heroes and chosen people in these epical and biblical stories. However, the intent of the Roman and Jewish gods in using symbolic signs and holy miracles differs greatly. While the gods in The Aeneid, in providing Aeneas with physical and spiritual signs, seek to further his founding of Rome and the fulfillment of fate, in Genesis and Exodus, God uses his powers to instill in earthly people proof of his existence, in addition to testing and rewarding their personal faith and love.In The Aeneid, Aeneas is from the start reminded through supernatural occurrences of his obligation to search for a new home. As he flees ruined Troy with his family, the apparition of his wife Creusa appears, asking him not to mourn a death that is part of the divine plan (74). In their short encounter, she foretells these things:You have to plough through a great waste of ocean to distant exile. And you shall come to the Western Land where the gentle current of Lydian Tiber flows between rich meadows where men are strong. There happiness and a kingdom are in store for you, with a queen for you to marry. (74)Here, Aeneas Trojan wife seems more like a messenger of fate who knows the future and reminds him to take care of their son Iulus than a wife who is seeing her husband for the last time. Her impersonal words are as calculated as they are clear and commanding: hurry away from this dangerous spot so that you may fulfill your destiny untouched by the Argive race. Dispel your tears for the Creusa whom you loved, for you must concentrate on the path set ahead (74). And though Creusa is not a god by any means, he r words are nevertheless inspired by the Olympian divinities; Creusa would not otherwise have the ability to see the future.As Aeneas travels the land upon his arrival at Carthage, he again receives the aid of the gods through wondrous means. Venus, concerned for her sons safety and, more importantly, conscious of his fate, is behind most of these signs and effects. She first appears to him as a beautiful maiden, like some Spartan girl, or like Harpalyce the Thracian who outruns horses till they tire and outstrips even the winged river Hebrus (37). Like Creusa before her, Venus appears under the specific pretext of describing the land and its ruler, Dido, so that Aeneas will feel compelled by curiosity and envy to approach the fledging city and its queen.Once again, the significance of Aeneas journey and his ultimate success overshadow his personal sadness and need for comfort. Venus has no desire to reveal her true form, since this visit is a business only affair to her. Her m agical disguise is one way to keep her son mindful of his obligations toward searching for a new home, as it allows her (and Aeneas) to concentrate more fully on walking the path of destiny. For example, as Aeneas laments his troubles, Venus would not listen to more complaints, and she impatiently interrupts to show him the prophetic sign Jupiter has sent through the skies in the form of twelve swans representing Aeneas lost fleet, and also to advise Aeneas to venture toward the heart of Carthage (39). While it would be difficult for a mother to abruptly stop her son from recounting his grievances, for a roaming maiden ending the talk is not. Thus, for the goddess, the supernatural ability to change forms serves the purpose of advancing the process of Roman settlement in Alba Longa and upholding the predictions of the fates without the complications of the mother-son relationship.Aeneas travels later in the epic again involve divine intervention in the form of wonder and vision. In Book Six, Aeneas is instructed by the Sibyl to find the golden bough before he is to proceed in the underworld. Obtaining the golden bough is yet another goal Aeneas must reach in his drive toward finding a home for the Trojan gods. In fact, Aeneas finds the bough by the blessings of Venus, who sends doves, which soared swiftly, skimming through the clear air, found the perch of their desire, and settled on a pair of adjacent treetops; and there, through the branches, shone the contrasting gleam of gold (153). The miracle of Aeneas journey into the underworld, the dangers he encounters there, his discovery of the golden bough, and his later reunion with Anchises, are a microcosm of the godly signs and wonders that pervade all of the Trojan travelers experiences in carrying out fate.In books Genesis and Exodus of the Bible, Gods purpose in performing miraculous acts and signs stands in stark contrast to the intents of the Roman gods. For there is no fate in the world of the J ewish god; he is fate, and he decides what will happen in the lives of humans. God seeks to reinforce his own existence and magnanimity in the hearts and minds of his children, and through the performance of miracles and wonders rewards the devout and gains the recognition of others. In Genesis, when Abraham laughs at Gods promise of descendents through Sarah, he asks humbly, Can a son be born to a man who is a hundred years old? Can Sarah bear a child at ninety? (12:17). Yet God, treasuring the faith and love of Abraham, keeps to his promise and miraculously, Sarah bears Isaac at an ancient age. Through this act, God not only performs his end of the covenant, he validates his own power in the mind of Abrahams family and others who learn about this miracle. As Sarah comments later, Got has given me good reason to laugh, and everyone who hears will laugh with me (21:6).God also performs acts of unkindness that are effective in proving his great power and validating that power th rough punishing the unfaithful. When he rained down fire and brimstone from the skies on Sodom and Gomorrah, God warns Lot and his family to escape but not look back at the two cities, the objects of his wrath (19:24). But Lots wife looked back, and she turned into a pillar of salt (19:26). The two divine signs God reveals to earthlings, once again, establish a precedent for those with evil and doubt in their hearts. Through the miracle of turning Lots wife into salt and destroying a city full of wrongdoers and the sinful, God increases his fame throughout the cities and tribes around Sodom and Gomorrah, and sets fear in the hearts of those who would not listen to his mandates.This need for God to validate himself and test the faith of the people is revisited in Exodus, when he guides Moses through the struggle with Pharaoh. In retaliation for the Egyptians abuse of his people, the Israelites, and to show Pharaoh the terrible mistake he has made in opposing the Lord, God strike s down the Egyptians with plagues until finally the lord of Egypt releases the Jewish people from captivity. Gods intent is clearly stated when he speaks to Moses; he ruins the obstinate leader so that I may win glory for myself at the expense of Pharaoh and all his army; and the Egyptians will know that I am the Lord (14:4). Here, spreading fame and recognition is the name of the game for God. Though his reaction to the Egyptians confinement of his people might seem harsh by some standards, God feels it is necessary so that more people are wary of his might and will seek refuge under the Jewish way of life. It is through this punishment, in addition to the miracle of Moses parting of the Red Sea, that God establishes his place in the world and the minds of those who have not heard of him. He also fortifies his position in the minds and hearts of the Israelites, who against all odds are rescued and brought to new settlements, although later they anger God by creating a bovine i dol.The miracle of the burning bush of Exodus can serve as a focused contrast to the golden bough of The Aeneid. The golden bough in the Virgilian epic is a symbol for fate; Aeneas is compelled to search for it so that he may gain passage in the underworld and learn about his journey from his father, yet another prerequisite to his founding of Rome. It is an object to be obtained, to be found. The burning bush is God himself, in a form Moses can comprehend and accept. The discovery of the bush is like the discovery of the golden bough, a wonder that is crucial for later success, yet it represents a way for Moses to meet the Lord and solidify his faith and support for Gods orders, not the linear task that Aeneas is forced to undertake in his execution of destiny.In The Aeneid and the Bible, plagues, miracles, rewards, signs and predictions are performed by both the Roman deities and God as ways of furthering some goal; Aeneas must find a new home for his people and his gods, and the followers of God will someday have their own nation and be kings of peoples (17:16). Yet the gods from both sides are driven in different ways; the Roman gods perform miracles and wonders in order to facilitate a Trojan leaders campaign, compelled by clairvoyance of his future. In Genesis and Exodus, however, a God unrecognized and angered by the people he created, through plagues and rewards, engages in his own campaign to restore recognition and devotion and punish sin. While the Olympian gods use their incredible powers to facilitate the inevitable, the Jewish God with his might quests to be known and be cherished by everyone he touches, whether he touches them in a malevolent or benevolent way.

Taking a Look at the Empire of Japan - 762 Words

Japan was ultimately beneficial over its time span of its existence because of its many advances and benefits to the people who were a part of the empire. Though there were negative and harmful aspects of its rule, the good of the empire outweighed the bad. The Japanese were among the last to develop a complex society and completely isolated itself from outside influence. An era occurred where they began to borrow many things from China. They adopted their writing and imitated their literature. By the late 1800s, however, an imperial restoration occurred with Commander Perry in charge . In order to stop westernization in Japan, the country adopted western culture. The Empire of Japan emerged and was more reformed than ever. By rapidly expanding under the slogan Fukoku KyÃ… hei (â€Å"Enrich the Country, Strengthen the Army†), Japan began its journey to beginning a world power. Japan began to seek profits overseas increasing their exposure to the outside world and their cultu res. With all of these advancements, the overall success and benefit to its people of the empire of Imperial Japan came from its militarization. The Japanese’s foundation of strength and character relied on an ever present honor system. This character not only went into their everyday lives but also their military. The Empire of Japan‘s militarization benefitted the people by embodying the best characteristics and highest morals of the Japanese people, thereby encouraging people to keep faith in theirShow MoreRelatedJapanese Imperialism During Ww2 And Japans Gains From The League Of Nations1420 Words   |  6 PagesDURING AND AFTER WW1 AND JAPANS GAINS FROM THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS, 1914-1923 1/ Define the period of Imperialism that you will be assessing and give a clear outline of the conflict, its causes and its particular characteristics. - Japanese Imperialism first began in 1868 after the appointment of the 16-year old boy Emperor, Meiji and the beginning of Japan’s famous period of modernisation, the Meiji Restoration. This period saw the first half of the reign of the Empire of Japan, and significant changesRead MoreThe Industrial Revolution and Imperialism Essay872 Words   |  4 Pagesimperialism is one that has pervaded nearly every major society or empire throughout human history. 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If we look at the pre World War I era countries have been fighting since revolutions of 1840s to make a country national identity for themselves. Compare to other nations in Europe some nations like Germany were a newly found nation at that time. A member ofRead MoreThe War Of The Worlds1200 Words   |  5 Pageshis hole to see that the alien force has been eradicated by a bacteria that their body’s immune system was not able to save them. One nonfiction historical event that happened in almost the same in the fictional book is how The Inca Empire, what was once a great empire, tasted their first encounter with a foreign force known as the Spanish. The Incas knew nothing about these different people and were curious about them, while the Spanish had a different thought running through their head. The SpanishRead MoreAnalytical Essay1268 Words   |  6 Pagesfrom a small civilization into an Empire that stretched from Italy down to North Africa. Over the time period of 500 years, the leaders of Rome conquered city by city to reach their greatness. Though it took 500 years for Rome to accomplish this task, it took only 100 years for it to fall. During those 100 years, Rome would be plagued with economic turmoil, inner betrayal, social issues, and a diminishing military. When Marcus Aurelius died in A.D. 180, the Empire was politically stable economicallyRead MoreWhat Led to the United States Entering the Second World War, 1936-1941? 1701 Words   |  7 PagesStates of America was the last of the world’s great nations to fight in the Second World War. In the 1930’s, America did not use great economic, and political influence which she possessed to slow the aggressive expansionist ambitions of Germany, Japan and Italy (the Axis Alliance). Instead she chose to remain in isolation and withdrew from world affairs, which had a profound effect in the background to the war in 1939 . This essay will discuss the period between 1936-1941 and the reasons, whichRead MoreThe Government Should Not Suspend Civil Right For National Security1300 Words   |  6 Pagestried to escape to US illegally. Hence, limiting their rights is a must for these purposes. During the World War II, Japan had been taking over it neighbour countries but the Americans are blocking their way from taking different parts of the world. The Japanese Canadian internment took place during World War II when Japan attacked Pearl Harbour and, Canada declared war on Japan not long after. The detainment of over 22,000 Canadians had continued despite the disagreements of many government agenciesRead MoreImperialism And Its Effects On America860 Words   |  4 Pages Imperialism is the acquisition of new territories by a state and the incorporation of these territories into a political system as subordinate colonies (Tignor G-12). Under imperialism, stronger nations attempt to create empires by governing fragile nations; economically, politically, culturally, or military. The reason why this imperialism grew in Africa and Asia was because of economic factors, nationalist factors, military factors, and humanist factors. Not everyone agreed with imperialism, the

William Shakespeare s English Literature Essay - 1667 Words

William Shakespeare has been best known for his poems, plays and masterful piece of writings in the English language. He has been referred to as the England s national poet and the Bard of Avon. He produced over thirty eight plays, hundred fifty four sonnets, five poems, and more verses. Shakespeare s plays consist of mainly tragedies, comedies and histories which are regarded as one of the best in those genres. The plays, the poems, and the sonnets have had a significance influence in English literature. There has been various writers who have been studying Shakespeare’s plays and poems for over 300 years, but they studied only on those plays and poems that were printed in his times. There could be more plays, poems that have not been printed and studied as of date today. Shakespeare was baptised on April 26, 1564, but his birthplace is not known. Shakespeare grew up in Stratford, Warwickshire, a county in England. He went to a school called King’s New School in Strat ford, where he learned to write, read and speak fluently very well. However, he did not attend a university. At the age of 18, he married Anne Hathaway, and they had three children, Susanna, and the twins Hamnet and Judith. He started to write and act in plays as he pursued his career. His parents also had an impact on Shakespeare’s works and writings. His father, John Shakespeare, was a glove maker and had diverse careers throughout the public office, ranging from alderman to boroughShow MoreRelatedWilliam Shakespeare s Influence On The Course Of World History1440 Words   |  6 PagesWaldo Emerson, a famous essayist inspired by Shakespeare’s works. William Shakespeare was a renowned author, poet, actor, and playwright. He has contributed to many components of life today such as; founding modern English language, contributing to literature, contributing to modern theater, and contributing many of his works to modern English. William Shakespeare has greatly impacted t he course of world history. William Shakespeare was believed to be born on April 23,1564, in his hometown of Stratford-upon-AvonRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Othello And The English Language1649 Words   |  7 Pagesactor and dramatist, William Shakespeare is one of the most influential and greatest writers up to this day in poetry and the English language. Known, for his many acclaimed works such as his famous plays, â€Å"Othello,† â€Å"King Lear,† and â€Å"Romeo and Juliet† etc. More than four hundred years have passed and William Shakespeare’s work still alive as if it was during the early ages of Shakespeare work. Shakespeare influenced ranges from literature, theater, films and even the English language. EspeciallyRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Romeo And Juliet1264 Words   |  6 Pagesand the theater-going public the most important dramatist in English literature, Shakespeare occupies a well-known position in the world of talented authors. His canon contains thirty-seve n plays, written in the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries. Additionally, throughout the years, they continue to sustain critical attention, with the majority of his works circling tragedies, one being Romeo and Juliet. William Shakespeare s Romeo and Juliet speaks to the timeless appeal of star-crossedRead MoreAmbition and Death - the Story of the Renaissance in Macbeth1189 Words   |  5 PagesAmbition and death - the story of the Renaissance in Macbeth In the tragic drama Macbeth, written by William Shakespeare in 1606 during the English Renaissance, the hero, Macbeth, constantly declines in his level of morality until his death at the end of the play. Because of his change of character from good to evil, Macbeth s attitude towards other characters, specifically Duncan, Banquo, Lady Macbeth, and the witches, is significantly affected. In a larger sense, the theme of bad versus goodRead MoreEssay about William Davenant, Son of Shakespeare?930 Words   |  4 Pagesimpact on our society today. William Davenant was one of the important figures whose achievements helped to restore English literature. Those who are well versed in theater have long debated who William Davenant was and why he was important. William Davenant was rumored to be Shakespeare’s son, was crucial to the Restoration, and was a famous English poet and playwright who changed the scope of literature. Born in Oxford, England in February of 1606, William Davenant’s life was interestingRead MoreCompare And Contrast Different Literature Periods1452 Words   |  6 PagesEnglish Literature Periods Literature by definition according to Oxford dictionary is the written works, especially those considered of superior or lasting artistic merit. Literature has classified into several periods. Which has affected by the surrounding events in the society in each period like economic levels, war and peace. Literature is considering as a human creation is differing from the other because of the changing in the society and language development in every period. This essayRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Influence On Modern Culture1090 Words   |  5 Pages Sam Ebersole Mrs. Ruiz English 9A Period 1 19 November 2015 Shakespeare s Influence on Modern Culture William Shakespeare is one of the world s most influential people to ever live. â€Å"BBC audience survey names Shakespeare as Britain s Man of the Millennium.† (Andrews 2) Shakespeare’s works continue to be evident globally in modern society. Hundreds of years after William Shakespeare’s death, his influence continues to make an effect in the modern day English language, modern movies andRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare: A Brief Biography651 Words   |  3 Pages William Shakespeare is arguably the most well known and successful author is the history of literature. Little is known about Shakespeare’s childhood and is what questions he’s existence. Besides the lack of knowledge of his childhood, Shakespeare lived a successful adult life. His plays changed the english language language forever. In all of his success, people still doubt he ever existed. 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The key purpose of this essay is to inform curious people about William Shakespeare. â€Å"I regard the theatre as the greatest of all art forms, the most immediate way in which a human being can share with another the sense of what it is to be a human

The Rhetorical Analysis Of Barack Obamas Speech - 1227 Words

This speech was presented in 2004 at the Democratic National Convention by a politician running for the United States Senate at the time, also known as Barack Obama. In this speech while Obama was still running for his campaign for the United States Senate he also supported John Kerry as he was the party’s presidential nominee for that years election. This is one of Obama’s most historical speeches he has ever given and he did this by using several language deceptive devices such as euphemisms, emotive language, and persuasive language in order to keep his audience attention so that he could get his main message across to the whole country of the United States. His message was that the only way to fix the problems in the country is to†¦show more content†¦So because these words sound powerful together it instantly keeps the audience hooked to Obama’s speech because there are so many people who are high believers in the constitution . Hence, it is import ant that these euphemisms sound powerful and keep the audience interested because it has the audience focused on trying to coney Obama’s main message of his speech. Next, another language deceptive device that Obama used in his speech to get his message across to the audience was emotive language. Which is language that uses emotions in order to make the audience relate to what Obama says. For example, in the eleventh paragraph of the speech Obama states â€Å" We have more work to do.. More work for the worker that I met in Galesburg, Illinois, who are losing their jobs and now are having to compete with their own children for jobs that pay seven bucks an hour; more to do for the father that I met who was losing his job and choking back tears, wondering how he would pay 4500 dollars a month for drugs his son needs.† ( Obama 43-47) In this part of the paragraph Obama used so much emotive language. He used personal experience where he saw people struggling in this country. He adds by saying that theres work needed to do for them. Obama was not referring just doing work for those specific people individually, but to every other person who is struggling the same ways these people were struggling. These examples areShow MoreRelatedThe Rhetorical Analysis Of President Barack Obamas Speech912 Words   |  4 PagesPresident Barack Obama stood before his audience in the Del Sol High School of Las Vegas, Nevada, declaring his position on immigration in the United States. His audience in the auditorium consisted of American citizens and immigrants who supported him in his second presidential campaign. The school in the state of Nevada was chosen due to its majority Latino student body to allow the President to address a group whose primary concern during the campaign was immigration reform. In his speech, PresidentRead MoreThe Rhetorical Analysis Of Barack Obamas Inauguration Speech851 Words   |  4 PagesBarack Obama’s inauguration speech successfully executed ethical rhetoric to prove to our nation will be under safe hands during the next four years. His speech draws ideas from the Founding Fathers, the constitution, and Martin Luther King’s speeches to establish ‘our’ overall goal to join together and take action on all of problems our country is facing. When President Barack Obama begins his speech, he refrains from using ‘me’, ‘myself’, and ‘I’ but instead ‘‘we’’, ‘‘us’’, and ‘‘together’’ toRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of Barack Obama s Election National Convention Address1518 Words   |  7 PagesSpeech 1315-302 Rhetorical Analysis of Barack Obama 2004 Democratic National Convention Address In this paper, I choose the speech of the previous President, Barack Obama; Illinois state senator, his speech address to the 2004 Democratic National Convention marked an important moment in the trajectory of African American rhetoric. I am really impressive his speech because it was strong to affect to our emotion, our realizations and our passion for a strong America. The general theme of Barack ObamaRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of Obama s Victory Speech1181 Words   |  5 PagesRhetorical Analysis of Obama’s Victory Speech Introduction: Barack Obama was re-elected as President of the U.S on November 6th, 2012. Barack Obama held his Victory Speech on the following day. This essay will analyze and comment on an excerpt of that exacting Victory Speech and the solution focus of the criticism will be on the Rhetorical belongings of the Speech. By using numerous forms of Rhetorical apparatus like Anaphora or Tautology, Barack Obama controls to offer a Speech that is full of AmericanRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of Obama s Victory Speech1245 Words   |  5 PagesRhetorical Analysis of Obama’s Victory Speech This speech was given by Barack Obama who won 2012 election as the president. I’m going to analysis his voice, audience, speaker’s message and occasion for the speech. Different angle, different view can show all the Obama’s rhetorical words in his victory speech. In 2012, this is Barack Obama’s second inaugural. He had greatest way to put all the rhetorical words in his speech. It was one of the best of his speech so far. Rhetoric was made in fifthRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of President Obama s Speech1407 Words   |  6 PagesIn his 2009 Inaugural Address, President Barack Obama gave an impassioned speech filled with extended metaphors along the lines of movement, travel, and a journey. In fact, much of his economic language throughout the first 100 days of his presidency followed this theme. Obama’s use of these metaphors served to characterize the economic crisis, unite the American people, and frame his perspective on the role of the presidency. Thus, through analysis of his rhetoric, we learn that metaphors reallyRead MoreAnalyse the Speech of Barack Obama Essay1028 Words   |  5 Pagesgoing to compare and contrast the speeches of Barack Obama (‘Yes we can’) and Martin Luther King (I have a dream). When w e talk about language, sometimes we mean speech (spoken language), sometimes writing (written language).Do you think is there any difference between spoken language and written language? Of course, speech is spoken and heard, while writing is written and read. There are many types of spoken languages such as news report, interview, speech, debates and conversations. In the spokenRead MoreA Neo Aristotelian Analysis Of President Obama s Oval Office Address On Bp Oil Spill Energy 1613 Words   |  7 PagesProfessor Eleanor A. Lockhart Rhetorical Criticism 2 October 2015 A Neo-Aristotelian Analysis of President Obama’s: Oval Office Address on BP Oil Spill Energy On June 15, 2010, President Barack Obama formally addresses the Deepwater Horizon oil spill to inform people of his plans to contain the oil spill and the nation s need for clean energy. The purpose of this paper is to analyze President Obama’s speech on the BP oil spill using Foss’ neo-Aristotelian method of rhetorical criticism, by which I willRead MoreObamas Victory Speech 2012 Analysis749 Words   |  3 PagesAnalysis of Barack Obama’s victory speech 2012 Obama starts off by including the people. He speaks out to every American, incorporates the people, and thanks them. He makes it clear that he is trying to make the people feel integrated into his speech. The first part of the speech is Obama thanking people around him, even his competitor Mitt Romney. He speaks about how America is now, and how he is going to sort it in the future. His main claim is that together America can build up the nation,Read MoreRhetorical Analysis of Obama Speech Essay2690 Words   |  11 PagesLiteratures and Foreign Languages Let Us Learn and Resource Together 23 November 2008 Rhetorical Analysis of â€Å"A More Perfect Union† Speech The speech titled â€Å"A More Perfect Union† was delivered by Senator Barack Obama on March 18, 2008 near the historical site of the signing of the U.S. Constitution in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The speech responds to the video clip of Barack Obama’s pastor, Reverend Jeremiah Wright, making racially charged comments against America and Israel. The pundits

The War Of The United States - 1858 Words

This country has grown from thirteen colonies (states) to fifty within three hundred years. When you ask â€Å"What do you think of the United States?† Many people would say leadership, ambition, and fear. Leadership because we have demonstrated to the world that not only we can take care of ourselves but help more nations along the way; we have also made many inventions, the use of electricity, the car, the first movie, etc. Determination because even though at the beginning we were a small little union we defeated the power house at the time (Britain) not once but twice. Ambition because we as Americans always look forward to the future and we do things to make our lives better and not worse. Lastly fear because everybody knows that the one country they can t mess with is the United States (just stating the truth). I might be speaking the truth with all this but United States has grown through rough times one of them being World War Two; being one of the most significant war s in history. The beginning of the war for us was pearl harbor, a horrible event that would forever mark this nation. From then on thousands of soldiers were sent to fight the Japanese and the Germans. Although the United States had soldiers to protect the American citizens during the war, there were still more people needed. I believe that the entertainment industries such as Disney, DC Comics and Marvel helped create propaganda during World War Two that benefited the United States because they felt it wasShow MoreRelatedThe War Of The United States1377 Words   |  6 Pagesthe Spanish-American War to the two world wars to the conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan, the United States has positioned itself to be the world’s superpower. The ability of â€Å"Big Brother† United States to maneuver through land, sea, air, or virtual space makes the U.S. virtually unstoppable. As the world’s policeman, America pays a heavy toll in human life. However, if the United States ceases to fight against human atrocities, who will. Imagine policemen in the United States quitting and we noRead MoreThe War Of The United States1639 Words   |  7 PagesP.6 9 February 2015 Iraq War The United States has intervened in many countries throughout history. Some countries became better off with the help that was given by the United States, while other countries stayed static, or became even worse. The war with Iraq is a great example of the horrors that the United States can create when she decides to mess with other countries. America thought that she knew what was best for Iraq, but America was wrong. The United States should not have gotten involvedRead MoreThe War Of The United States920 Words   |  4 Pagesof The United States, Bill Clinton, stood before a crowd of just about 4000 onlookers and millions more viewing from home. For those in attendance, and around the country, this was a extraordinary day. Memorial Day brings out many emotions for millions of people every year, emotions such as pride, fear, anger, sadness or anxiety. Memories of loved ones gone, a parent one may not have met because he was killed in battle while they were yet to be born, a fellow brother or sister of the United StatesRead MoreThe War Of The United States974 Words   |  4 PagesAlong with troops, the United States was backed by the american war machine, what almost seemed like an endless supply of industry, manufacturing, and the capital for both. This represented the power shift to the other side of the Atlantic. Britain’s financial resources were in a desperate situation, and their unquestionable international supremacy was going along with it. Going into the end of 1941, XXX reflected on this shift on the horizon. â€Å"‘Our War’ had become the world war, in which we were aRead MoreThe War Of The United States1702 Words   |  7 PagesChurchill proclaimed when Franklin Delano Roosevelt signed the Lend-Lease Act, giving tens of billions of dollars worth of war materiel and supplies to the enemies of Germany in the Second World War. (Underhill 69). As the democracies of Europe fell to the fascist menace, the USA acted as a f inal bastion against the Axis, fighting an industrial and economic ‘undeclared war’ from the signing of the Lend-Lease Act on March 11, 1941 to the bombing of Pearl Harbor on December 7 of the same year. TheRead MoreThe War Of The United States1682 Words   |  7 PagesSeptember 11, 2001 al-Qaeda launched a terrorist attack on the United States of America. The attack provoked the United States in retaliation. The U.S. was after al-Qaeda’s leader Osama bin Laden. The Iraq and Afghanistan war became the longest war in United States history. Music was being pumped out left and right from artist to pay their respects to the soldiers, and men and women who lost their lives through the war. The music was made special because no matter what genre of music was producedRead MoreThe United States Of The War1294 Words   |  6 PagesThe United States of America under president Woodrow Wilson was aiming to remain neutral in the war. Instead of directly being involved in th e war, they instead found a way to make a profit off the war, by supplying ammunition to the British Army. Wilson was opposed to the war due to being raised up by an anti-violence minister and didn’t want American progress to halt by joining the war. 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It also aided in freeing the United States from the tight grip of British tyranny. It was a burden many understood as relevant, but is now seen in an unappealing light. Former president Abraham Lincoln made a statement that the principle of the draft was not new and has been practiced inRead MoreThe War Of The United States1122 Words   |  5 PagesSwimming against a current of pro-war fervor, McKinley stuck to his guns and persisted on remaining diplomatic with the investigation of the Maine explosion still ongoing. This seemed to infuriate the entire nation. Jingoists in congress, yellow journalists and the American public were clamoring for Spanish blood after the Maine, and to them McKinley came across as a feeble leader. McKinley offered one last chance for Spain to avoid war by agreeing to an armistice. He thought that the Spanish would

Security and Risk Management

Questions: 1.Introduction to the Case? 2.What kind of Problems Bank was facing before Information/Cyber Security? 3.Discuss the likelihood of the threats; the bank may face due to the Old System? 4.What are the Risk Imposed to the bank and what are the reasons? 5.What are the Steps taken by the bank to Implement Information/Cyber Security? 6.How the bank decided to Maintain the Information/Cyber Security in the coming years? 7.What are Information/Cyber Security Policies/Technologies the bank Implemented? 8.What are the Risk Factors Identified by the Bank? 9.What Risk Model is suitable to the bank management to avoid any Data Breach? 10.Write a Summary of the Case in your own words explaining the advantages of Implementing Information/cyber Security in the Bank. Answers: 1.Introduction to the case The financial institutions are the major target of the criminals affecting the cyber security of the organization. The cyber or internet security is an integral part of all types of business and the complexities arise with the small staff capacity and the resources, which are limited. The public has a belief that the small businesses do not have the necessary infrastructure and labor to put a cyber security like the larger business groups. Thus, the perceptions of the public have created an urgent situation for the community banks to become competitive and find solutions for maintaining the standards of the cyber landscape. There must be wisdom of convention, which would give the larger organizations, a capability to create a team of specialists in the security and updating of the information. There must be traps, which can help the decline of the cyber attacks and increasing the safety and security of the data of the organizations, whether small or large. The major drawback for the community banks are that they lack the possession of the experience and expertise needed for the efficient decision making process. They are not capable of safeguarding their data and information, which is a major problem for the achievement of the required results. The case study is related to the Smalltown Community Bank, which had come to an existence in the late 1800s. The bank had been successful in achieving their desired goals and aims with the consistency in the growth and profits for the past 22 years. The bank had an environment which contained a conservative and risk averse culture. There was a lack of understanding between the vendors and also the technologies and equipments used by the organization. Hence, the steps are taken by the community bank to manage the risks present in the organization and improve the decision making process. 2.The bank had no true strategy or knowledge about the IT or technologies for both hardware and software. Up until the implementation of the information or cyber security, there was no specific system or process i.e. there was an ad-hoc processing system for the security. The above system leads to a creation of an environment, which consisted of poor technologies and processes in the organization. The manual inputs and labor process was full of risks, errors and inconsistent behaviors. The community bank has multiple systems, which require inputs and processes majorly prone to errors and frauds. The bank had been relying on its own software and their vendors and contractors for the implementation and maintenance of their technology for their day-to-day operations. Earlier the approach of the bank was not updated and useful. There were ad-hoc changes or manipulation of the data and information, which was the result of the open accessibility to the vendors or the contractors. The access was made available for the ease of the present situations and symptoms occurring in the environment of the organization. The mindset of the bank was to cover up the work before giving up any time, thus the organization was too reactive in nature. The major drawback of the approach was that there was no one having a sole responsibility for the evaluation of the risks occurring in the environment of the organization. The vendors of the software were not an expert of the cyber security as they were limited to the understanding of their own systems and processes. They even lacked the basic of the risk management procedures, including the secure coding or the assessments of vulnerability. Even the contractors who were hired for the implementation and maintenance of the network and server equipments were not able to get an expertise in the operations of the bank. They just had the ability of understanding the required and used technologies in the organization. 3.The old systems had ad-hoc policies and procedures, which were not useful for the effective management of the organization. The old systems consisted of no major control power i.e. the control was done by the contractors or the vendors of the software who were not capable of meeting the needs of the customers. The organization lacked the requirements and the basic analysis knowledge of the cyber security and coding of the systems processes. The threats faced by the old system are huge in nature, the major ones being: The fraud and errors will be huge as the organization lacks the internal controls required for the efficient continuity of the business policies. The passwords are weak and there are no experts to manage and explain the importance of the security provided by such passwords. The cyber attacks can be easy and someone can do the same within the organization or the vendors or the contractors. As the accessibility is not restricted, it will be impossible to detect the person behind the malicious activity performed within the organization. The network control and security is not updated and safe for the effective and efficient management of the organization. The workstations and the software used are not updated and efficient which would require the revision of the structure, as the same would lead to heavy risks and frauds to be present in the environment. There is no safety and security management and cameras are required from the entrance to all the vaults of the banks, as every wall has to be protected and secured to save the organization. The customers are not convinced about the safety and security from the end of the organization. Hence, there may be a threat of the shifting of the customers to some other banks or institutions. 4.There are various risks occurring in the environment and the same requires identification and solution to save the organization from losing its goodwill and fame. The risks imposed on the community bank and the reasons for the same, are as follows: There is no new software or hardware implemented with latest or updated technologies, which can prove to be a risk in the efficient management of the organization. The workforce is not efficient enough for taking the steps to manage and reduce the risks and threats occurring in the environment of the organization. The vendors and contractors are in hold of the software and have an access to all the functions and the symptoms or scenarios of the organization, which may lead to the destruction of the systems and policies of the community bank. There are no virtual computers or tools used in the management were not secure or beneficial in nature, which constituted a lot of errors and frauds in the near future. The inventories and other controls lack proper management and efficiency, which can lead to problems in the near future. The implementation procedure is not easy and instant and carries a good effort and process, which requires efficient workforce and updated technologies. The building of consensus and support is not an easy task and requires great effort, which can create frustration and errors. Thus, the benefits of implementation have to be planned and understood well to reach an agreement with the organization and management on a whole. There is a major risk of the technical controls and other checklists being implemented in the organization, which is a major requirement of any organization. There must be an efficient workforce, which would look after the major criteria and scenarios affecting the organization. The same will require the technical and non-technical factors to be analyzed in making informed decisions. 5.The community bank has undertaken major steps in the implementation of a better and effective environment for the efficiency in the management. The bank was lacking in a strategy for the IT and other securities, which would decrease the fear of cyber insecurity. The community bank had no procedures or policies, which would control the risks and other inconsistent behaviors like frauds and errors within the organization. The bank decided to implement the security related to the information and the security structure of the organization. The steps towards the implementation included the following: In 2012, Smalltown Community Bank had hired the first employee who had professional expertise in the information software and technology. The reason being there was an ad-hoc system of accessing and changing the data by the vendors or contractors without any checks or controls, with a sole responsibility. The second step constituted the investment in the training and the technical certifications for the updated information about the changes in the threats and risks present in the cyber environment. Lastly, the step for the identification and communication of the risk were important which would remove the difficulties of the inventory management, sharing of accounts and license of the passwords. There was an implementation of the virtual desktop infrastructure in 2011, the bank started with the process of the virtualization by the conversion of a few aging servers of physical nature to machines of virtual nature. The environment of the virtual machines was designed with the spare capacity of the visualization in the future and for creation of the opportunity of utilization of the existing environment also. The virtual desktop implementation was done in order to mitigate and resolve the problems and risks related to the environment of the organization. The virtual approach created an opportunity for the several security changes by locking down all the access on the part of the administrator or others. 6.The bank took several steps for the maintenance and reduction in the information or cyber insecurities in the organization. The major considerations were introduction of professionals, technical and training certifications and the virtual desktop infrastructures. The bank also decided to maintain the same in the coming and future years, which include the following: The senior management of the bank and the board of directors must have an engagement for an efficient decision making process. The bank decided that to benefit from the decision making process, there must be investment and attainment of sufficient expertise. The necessary ways are the contracting with consultants or in-house employees with the necessary skills and capability in IT and InfoSec. There must be establishment of effective communication channels for the better decision-making process in the organization. Therefore, the gap must be reduced and the confidence of the organization must be increased by effective motivation by the managers and the Board. The decisions include the implementation of checklists of controls, which are technical in nature. The management has decided to have an approach of continuous improvement, which is critical in nature. The transition is a complicated and slow process, which requires an efficient manager and team who can understand the same. Continuous improvement will lead to a future, which would consist of policies and procedures for saving and nurturing the organization. The decision-making also consisted of contractual commitments from the selected vendors or contractors to help in the resolving of the security vulnerabilities, which would occur in the near future. The old program did not consider the risks to be resolved from the end of the vendors or the contractors. Hence, the new program or decision wanted an inclusion of an agreement of negotiation of risks with the vendors in resolving the risks and vulnerabilities with full responsibility and liability. 7.The community bank included many policies and procedures to get rid of the old and updated system, which was hampering the system and management of the bank currently. The technologies implemented by the bank for the security of the information and cyber security include the follows: The bank insisted the change or rest of the passwords to 15 character passwords to get an effective coding structure within the organization. The eight characters was changed to fifteen characters password so that there must be efficient decline in the risk and threat of the accessibility of important documents or information of the organization. There was implementation of the Virtual Desktops Infrastructure, which included the conversion of few aging physical servers to the virtual machines. There were tests conducted to check and experiment the controls and performance by the users. The same was referred to the management for knowing the solution to the problems, which might have crept in or might creep in the near future. Core banking approach was implemented to merge the functions and recognizing that the old procedures were not updated and there was a strong requirement of finding a new solution or answer. The new system was complied in a request for proposal and sent to all the vendors for bidding on the new system of core banking system. The implementation included the negotiations from the vendors in cases of security risks and vulnerabilities, which might creep in future. Earlier, the old system did not contain any responsibilities from the end of the vendors or the contractors. But, the latest technological and technical system comprised of a contract of negotiation related to the security of risks and vulnerabilities which might get present in the environment of the organization. 8.The changes in the process of decision-making process gave rise to many factors in the assessments of the risk, which included the following: The bank even after the recognition of the outdated nature of the old system had a reluctant approach towards finding a new and better solution. There was a survey conducted which included a comment of employee, saying that he would retire early as the new system was hard. Other employees were against the new system and the system of core banking in the organization. The other major factor was the cost effectiveness of the core banking system, which was in existence within the organization. The risk was not just limited to the core banking system cost but also the complexities and cost of the management of the separate contracts, which were related to the products ancillary in nature and a major requirement for the operation of the banking systems. The factors also considered the fees related to the termination and conversion of the data and information of the organization. The old system did not consider the automated integration of the inputs or applications, which was to be considered by the management. The other major factors of risks existing in the organization are the outdated features and tools present in the system. Few of the outdated process in the system were flat file data structures, Cobol backend, visual basic user interface and communication protocols which included telnet and FTP. Security concerns similar to the accessibility of the vendors and contractors to the system, was also a major issue and concern of risk. The concerns like the lack of user authentication for data retrieval functions were also a major concern of risk by the organization. The other risks comprised the conversion of data from the multiple system of legacy to the new system. 9.The bank must go with the model of continual improvement, which would include the management of the system to avoid any breach of data and information from the organization. The bank requires following the subsequent requirements to gain and achieve the goals of continuous improvement: There must be effective implementation of strong and convenient passwords or codes to restrict the malicious acts or manipulation of the necessary information or the data, which would lead to the loss of cyber security. There must be consequent check and control of the provided passwords in intervals to achieve better results and productivity. The networks must be protected with firewalls and the management at higher levels cannot accept necessary controls as the loss of data and errors. There must be effective software and controls implemented which would change as per the requirement. There are changes required on a day-to-day basis by any organization, thus the same should be checked and implemented as per the requirement. The security controls must be strong and effective related to the accessibility other than implementing passwords. The access, which is unnecessary in nature, must be denied in any circumstances as the same may lead to manipulation of data and information risking the continuity of the organization. The data and information must be updated in intervals along with the backup of the same. The technology used should be changed as per the requirement, from time to time for a safe and secure future of the organization. The employees and the professionals under the team must be checked and they must be provided with the required changes and updating knowledge if any. They must be trained and communicated in a specific interval of time as the reviews and feedbacks can lead to a more efficient organization. 10.The case represents the problems, which was being faced by the renowned community bank i.e. the Smalltown Community Bank. The organization realized the need of the changes within the bank and carried on the implementation of the desired policies and procedures. Earlier, the old version of the system did not contain the right and effective policies required to run an organization without any threat or risks towards the data and information. There were errors and frauds occurring within the environment of the organization, which resulted in loss of important data and information. Therefore, there were steps taken by the bank to control and attain an effective environment within the organization. There are many advantages attached to the implementation of the data and information security policies, which are as follows: There was an introduction of professional employee who would manage the IT and other securities of the organization. The introduction helped in the decline of the unnecessary and unauthorized access of the data and information of the organization, which would lead to heavy loss by manipulation and errors encrypted in the system. The other process like the implementation of the virtual desktops and passwords of length of 15 characters also increased the effectiveness of the organization policies and procedures. Core banking system has been the major and most efficient process added up by the organization as the same lead to an integration and mutual agreement within the whole branches of a bank. Hence, the above leads to an agreement that there must be implementation of certain cyber securities related to the data and information security.

Business Communication Direct Plan

Question: 1. What is the direct plan and when should you use it?2.Name and explain the four sections of the direct plan.3. Why are threats ineffective when making a claim? How do you react when someone makes an angry threat?4. Claims and condolences concern negative or unpleasant circumstances. Why are they written using the direct plan?5.Describe the content that should be included in an invitation.6. Write an unsolicited positive message to Mr Hajeri. Answers: 1. Direct plan in communication is a straightforward approach to communication. It is very focused on the message it has to deliver. The intent of the message is very clearly stated and there is not much scope for any misinterpretation of the message conveyed. It helps the receiver of the information to be in a positive or pleasant mind frame before getting to the explanation of the neutral and positive messages (Buddy Krizan et al., 2010). 2. The four sections of the direct plan are the opening, explanation, sales appeal and friendly close. The opening in the direct plan should contain the positive and/or neutral message. It can be the first paragraph. The most advantageous information for the receiver should be in the first sentence. The main idea is given in the opening. The explanation part should contain more or additional information that relates to the original positive and/or neutral message. It should have all the details. The sales appeal comes next. Here the sender tries to influence the receiver to do a specific task. The sales appeal may also suggest alternatives, if appropriate. It may inform the receiver of an upcoming sale or discount on purchases, etc. The friendly close is the final paragraph which should leave the receiver with an optimistic note and build goodwill (Gurrola et al., 2011). 3. When making a claim, a threat is not just uncalled for, it is also ineffective. A claim that contains threatening words will have no sales appeal whatsoever. The aim is to persuade the receiver, not enrage or threaten them. The tone of the letter should be considerate. If someone makes an angry threat, I feel alarmed and annoyed. I would not have a positive attitude towards the person after that. 4. The direct plan is used to convey messages of condolence. The purpose is to convey sympathy and only the necessary details are included and it is done using a positive and sincere approach. The message can also offer assistance if deemed appropriate and the message should end with a positive reference to the future (Sklar, 2013). 5. Invitations are used to request a persons presence. An invitation should include all the necessary information in detail such as the date, the place, the time, any specific dress code and whether the receiver is allowed to bring a guest or not. For efficiency, an RSVP notation may be included (Sklar, 2013). 6. Sharjah Mega Mall 10th April 2016 Mr. Ahmed Al Hajeri Dear Mr Hajeri: Congratulations Mr Hajeri! You have won a brand new Ford Mustang. To claim your car, please visit the Al Tayer Motor showrooms in Sharjah within one month of the date of this letter. Your brand new ride will be waiting for you. You must bring your winning ticket receipt and your identity proof to claim your prize. However, if you prefer cash then you may claim 85% of the value of the car in cash. Also, you are free to add more money to the full value of the Ford Mustang to get another vehicle of greater value. We have a good stock of elegant and latest models of cars. Please visit soon Mr Hajeri. We are open from 9 a.m. to 9 p.m. on weekdays and from 10 a.m. to 5 p.m. on weekends. Sincerely, Manager Sharjah Mega Mall References Buddy Krizan, A., Merrier, P., Logan, J. and Williams, K. (2010).Business Communication. 1st ed. [ebook] Business Economics. Available at: https://books.google.co.in/books?id=c5ZB0uDhISoCpg=PA196lpg=PA196dq=Direct+plan+in+communicationsource=blots=FW92XM4yQksig=nJGvaEcwF7AcwKGw7EfsVIDCJ10hl=ensa=Xved=0ahUKEwiM4ZX4p-nQAhULOY8KHR9mC_wQ6AEIKTAC#v=onepageq=Direct%20plan%20in%20communicationf=false [Accessed 10 Dec. 2016]. Gurrola, C., Vargas, C., Solis, D., Luis Mora, J. and Sosa, M. (2011). Indirect or Direct Approach for Negative Messages.Workplace Communication Done Right. [online] Available at: https://workplacecommunicationdoneright.blogspot.in/2011/01/indirect-or-direct-approach-for.html [Accessed 10 Dec. 2016]. Sklar, H. (2013).The Art of Sympathy in Fiction: Forms of Ethical and Emotional Persuasion. 1st ed. [ebook] Language Arts Disciplines. Available at: https://books.google.co.in/books?id=vbFvnET3jJkCpg=PA105lpg=PA105dq=Claims+condolences+negative+unpleasant+circumstancessource=blots=XAxG41iTRJsig=NmP2xE3yNLgLmJZM1Mc-_0bdtgchl=ensa=Xved=0ahUKEwiv2tiHqunQAhXCuI8KHRHuCc4Q6AEIITAB#v=onepageq=Claims%20condolences%20negative%20unpleasant%20circumstancesf=false [Accessed 10 Dec. 2016].